What is biofertilizer and types of biofertilizers
Bio-fertilizer
Biofertilizer comes from alive particles or alive materials. The term ‘Biofertilizer’ or more appropriately microbial inoculant can be defined as the preparations containing live and latent cells of efficient strains of nitrogen-fixing, phosphate solubilizing or cellulolytic microorganisms used for application to soil, seed or composting areas with the objectives of increasing number of such microorganism and accelerating certain microbial processes to augment the extent of the availability of nutrients in a form which can be easily assimilated by plants.
Or, In large sense, the term may be used to include all organic resources (manure) for plant growth which are rendered in an available form for plant adsorption through microorganism or plant association or interaction.
The fertilizer used to improve the fertility of the land using biological wastage, hence the term biofertilizer and biological wastage not containing any chemicals which are detrimental to the living soil. They are extremely beneficial in reaching the soil with those microorganisms which produce organic nutrients for the soil and help compact diseases. The farm product does not contain traces of hazardous and poisonous materials.
Thus those products are accepted across the world as organic ones. Hence for organic farming the use of biofertilizers is mandatory.
Types of Bio-fertilizers
The following types of biofertilizers have been considered so far
- Rhizobium inoculant.
- Azotobacter inoculant.
- Azospyrillum inoculant.
- Cyanobacterial inoculant.
- Azolla.
- Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms.
- Mycorrhizal fungi.
- Inoculants for nodulated leguminous trees.
- Frankia inoculant for some nonleguminous trees.
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